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Anopheles culicifacies (probably species A) is the main vector of malaria in Baluchistan, southeastern Iran. Adult mosquitoes were collected during 1990‐92 by five methods of sampling: knock‐down pyrethrum space‐spray indoors, human and animal bait (18.00–05.00 hours), pit shelters and CDC light traps, yielding 62%, 3%, 6%, 4% and 25% of specimens, respectively. Whereas spray‐catches comprised c. 70% gravid and semi‐gravid females, light trap catches were mostly (c. 60%) unfed females, while females from pit shelters comprised all abdominal stages more equally (13–36%). An. culicifacies populations peaked in April‐May and rose again during August‐November. Densities of indoor‐resting mosquitoes were consistently greater in an unsprayed village than in villages subjected to residual house‐spraying with propoxur, malathion or pirimiphos‐methyl. Monthly malaria incidence generally followed …