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Increasing instances of incivility (eg rudeness or disrespect) in the workplace have led to the growing popularity of incivility research within the mistreatment literature. It is believed that incivility may encourage reciprocated behaviors that escalate in intensity. However, the underlying processes by which theseincivility spirals' occur are not yet well understood. Therefore, based on social exchange theory and theories of emotion and organizational justice, I propose and test a multilevel model that examines the effects of daily experienced incivility on daily negative behaviors (eg instigated incivility and counterproductive behaviors) via a desire for revenge and state anger. In addition, I discuss and test potential moderators of negative exchange (eg narcissism, moral identity, hostile attribution bias, and perceptions of overall fairness) that may accelerate or attenuate the negative exchange process. I also treat time as a …