Authors
AP Aaron-Morrison, SA Ackerman, NG Adams, RF Adler, A Albanil, EJ Alfaro, R Allan, LM Alves, JA Amador, LM Andreassen, A Arendt, J Arevalo, DS Arndt, NM Arzhanova, MM Aschan, C Azorin-Molina, V Banzon, MU Bardin, J Barichivich, MO Baringer, S Barreira, S Baxter, J Bazo, A Becker, KM Bedka, MJ Behrenfeld, GD Bell, M Belmont, A Benedetti, G Bernhard, P Berrisford, DI Berry, ML Bettolli, US Bhatt, M Bidegain, BD Bill, S Billheimer, P Bissolli, ES Blake, J Blunden, MG Bosilovich, O Boucher, D Boudet, JE Box, T Boyer, GO Braathen, DH Bromwich, R Brown, ON Bulygina, D Burgess, B Calderon, SJ Camargo, JD Campbell, J Cappelen, G Carrasco, BR Carter, DP Chambers, E Chandler, HH Christiansen, JR Christy, D Chung, E-S Chung, K Cinque, KR Clem, CA Coelho, JG Cogley, M Coldewey-Egbers, S Colwell, OR Cooper, L Copland, CE Cosca, JN Cross, MJ Crotwell, J Crouch, SM Davis, E De Eyto, RAM De Jeu, J De Laat, CL Degasperi
Publication date
2016/8/31
Journal
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
Volume
97
Issue
8
Pages
S1-S275
Publisher
American Meteorological Society
Description
In 2015, the dominant greenhouse gases released into Earth’s atmosphere—carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide—all continued to reach new high levels. At Mauna Loa, Hawaii, the annual CO2 concentration increased by a record 3.1 ppm, exceeding 400 ppm for the first time on record. The 2015 global CO2 average neared this threshold, at 399.4 ppm. Additionally, one of the strongest El Niño events since at least 1950 developed in spring 2015 and continued to evolve through the year. The phenomenon was far reaching, impacting many regions across the globe and affecting most aspects of the climate system. Owing to the combination of El Niño and a long-term upward trend, Earth observed record warmth for the second consecutive year, with the 2015 annual global surface temperature surpassing the previous record by more than 0.1 C and exceeding the average for the mid-to late 19th century …
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