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Gilles de la Tourette syndrome is a childhood-onset neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by tics that are often associated with psychiatric co-morbidities. The clinical heterogeneity of Gilles de la Tourette syndrome has been attributed to the disturbance of functionally distinct cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuits, but this remains to be demonstrated. The aim of this study was to determine the structural correlates of the diversity of symptoms observed in Gilles de la Tourette syndrome. We examined 60 adult patients and 30 age- and gender-matched control subjects using cortical thickness measurement and 3 T high-resolution T₁-weighted images. Patients were divided into three clinical subgroups: (i) simple tics; (ii) simple and complex tics and (iii) tics with associated obsessive–compulsive disorders. Patients with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome had reduced cortical thickness in motor, premotor …