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Motivated by cognitive‐interactionist frameworks for task‐based learning, this study explores whether task complexity affects the extent to which learners focus on form–meaning connections during task‐based work in a classroom setting, and whether this relationship is modulated by 3 individual difference factors—linguistic self‐confidence, anxiety, and self‐perceived communicative competence. Forty‐three English as a second language learners from 6 intact classes worked in self‐selected groups during their normal English classes. Each group performed 2 versions of the same argumentative task—a simple version and a complex version. The topics of the discussions were comparable, and the sequence of the tasks was counterbalanced. Twenty‐three hours of audio‐ and videotaped data were collected and coded in terms of global and specific measures of speech production and various interactional …