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The psychomotor vigilance test (PVT) is a widely-used, minimally invasive, inexpensive, portable, and easy to administer behavioral measure of vigilance that is sensitive to sleep loss. We conducted analyses to determine the relative sensitivity of the PVT vs. the multiple sleep latency test (MSLT) and the maintenance of wakefulness test (MWT) during acute total sleep deprivation (TSD) and multiple days of sleep restriction (SR) in studies of healthy adults. Twenty-four studies met the criteria for inclusion. Since sleepiness countermeasures were administered in some of these studies, the relative sensitivity of the three measures to these interventions was also assessed. The difference in weighted effect size (eta-squared) was computed for each pair of sleepiness measures based on available raw test data (such as average PVT reaction time). Analyses revealed that the sleep measures were differentially …