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Although isoniazid (INH) is commonly used for treating tuberculosis (TB), it is also effective as preventive therapy.

The objective of this review was to estimate the effect of six and 12 month courses of INH for preventing TB in HIV‐negative people at increased risk of developing active TB.

We searched the Cochrane Infectious Diseases Group Specialized Register (May 2003), CENTRAL (The Cochrane Library 2003, Issue 2), Science Citation Index (1955 to 1993), Cumulated Index Medicus (1960 to 1970), MEDLINE (1966 to May 2003), EMBASE (1974 to May 2003), and reference lists of articles.

Randomized controlled trials of INH preventive therapy for six months or more compared with placebo. Follow up for a minimum of two years. Trials enrolling patients with current or previously treated active TB or with known HIV infection were excluded. Criteria …