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This article presents an integrated model for production equipment maintenance and online process monitoring when the assignable causes and the equipment failures come from a nonhomogeneous Poisson process. To this end, six possible scenarios within a production cycle are described. These scenarios are defined based on equipment failures and control chart signals (true or false) within a production cycle and process condition at the end of cycle. Then, the occurrence probability and the expected time and cost of each scenario are calculated. The proposed model is characterized by five decision parameters, including number of inspections until planned maintenance, time interval between consecutive inspections, sample size, control limit coefficient, and optimal planned maintenance time. Moreover, the long-run expected cost rate is used as the objective function of the optimization problem, and two …