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Practical production planning and scheduling systems must promptly respond to major real-time events and adjust their plans and schedules accordingly. To highlight the importance of concurrency in such systems, this paper addresses the problem of dynamic shop-floor scheduling using real-time information in a case study from the thermoplastic industry. The considered production line is organized as unrelated parallel production cells with a set of identical parallel machines in each cell. Parts are produced in batches using different molds on specific machines. Due to the size and complicated design of the molds, they require extended recovery periods (i.e., maintenance) in case of major failures. Therefore, previously developed plans and schedules need to be revised using real-time information every time a mold’s major failure occurs. The production process is subject to the following constraints: batch …