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The development of orthopedic implants gained enormous attention in recent years to improving the quality of life. Generally, implants are made of natural or artificial materials to replace the injured or lost structure of human bone. The National Institutes of Health reported that the demand for biomedical implants increases rapidly with increased bone diseases and injuries caused by the world's aging population and lifestyle changes [1]. According to Allied market research [2], the global requirement for medical implants estimated at $77,738 million in 2016, which expect to achieve $124,154 million from 2017 to 2023, with an annual growth rate of 6.9%. In the past few years, several metals and alloys are developed to fulfill the demand for medical implants in which nickel-titanium (NiTi) alloy attracted much interest due to better mechanical strength and good fatigue life. The NiTi alloy possesses a low young’s modulus similar to the human bone that enables the proper distribution of the load at the implant interface and surrounding bone tissues. The bone-like Young's modulus of NiTi offers low stiffness and minimized stress shielding effect [3–5]. Additionally, the NiTi alloy shows some unique properties, such as superelasticity (SE) and shape memory effect (SME)(Table 1), which differentiate these alloys from other titanium (Ti) alloys (eg, CP-Ti, Ti-6Al-4V, and Ti-Nb-Zr)[6]. Despite these exceptional characteristics, weak osseointegration was observed on the NiTi surface, delaying the therapeutic time and causes the implant loosening. The release of Ni ions is another problem, which triggers toxic and allergic reactions and diminishes the distribution …