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Genomic selection (GS) and marker-assisted selection (MAS) rely on marker–trait associations and are both routinely used for breeding purposes. Although similar, these two approaches differ in their applications and how markers are used to estimate breeding values. In this study, GS and MAS were compared in their ability to predict six traits associated with resistance to a destructive wheat disease, Fusarium head blight (FHB). A panel consisting in 273 soft red winter wheat lines from the US Midwestern and Eastern regions was used in this study. The statistical models for MAS were built using Fhb-1, the best-studied quantitative trait loci (QTL) for FHB resistance, and two sets of QTL: one independently identified by other groups and a newer set identified “in house”. In contrast, genomic selection models relied on 19,992 SNPs distributed throughout the genome. For the MAS and GS models, marker …