Authors
Szymon Malinowski, Jakub L Nowak, Wojciech Kumala, Robert Grosz, Michał Chiliński, Marcus Klingebiel, Ulrike Kirchner, Lutz Hirsch, Ovid Krüger, Karen J Heywood, Jan Kretzschmar, Andrea Hausold, Leslie Ann Kremper, Martin Hagen, Mareike Körner, Geiske E de Groot, Dörte de Graaf, Jan Kazil, Heike Kalesse, Fabrice Julien, Suneil Iyer, Matthieu Labaste, Pierre L'Hégaret, Friedhelm Jansen, Armin Kurz, Marek Jacob, Rémi Laxenaire, Gauke Lavik, Clément Laplace, Marius Lena, Nathalie Lefevre, Mason Leandro, Caroline Le Bihan, Abiel T Kidane, Alexander Kellman, Tom Lachlan-Cope, Diego Lange, Theresa Lang, Peter Landschützer, Arlene Laing, Gary Lloyd, Przemysław Makuch, Qiang Li, Donald Lenschow, Ingo Lange, Niccolò Losi, Sebastian Los, Gaston Manta, Christopher Luneau, Oscar Lovell, Shanea Young, Chidong Zhang, Dongxiao Zhang, Florian Ziemen, Tobias Zinner, Martin Zöger, Julien Totems, Mario Mech, James C McWilliams, Wayne McGeary, Eleni Tetoni, Elizabeth Thompson, Jim Thomson, Lorenzo Tomassini, Sebastien Masson, Nicholas Marsden, Eleni Marinou, Christophe Mazel, Margarette Mayers-Als, Bernhard Mayer, Nicolas Maury, Robert Pincus, Shanice Whitehall, Léa Olivier, Anton Wiltshire, Louise Nuijens, Allison A Wing, Ann Kristin Naumann, Thomas Wagner, Andi Walther, Ben Webber, Manfred Wendisch, Daniel Klocke, Stefan Kinne, Stéphane Tarot, Wiebke Mohr, Marie Lothon, Heike Konow, Tobias Kölling, Alfons Schwarzenboeck, Andrea Sealy, Lothar Oswald, Imke Schirmacher, Oliver Schlenczek, Jerome Schmidt, Marcel Schröder, Anna Napoli, Ionela Musat, Alma Anna Ubele, Caroline Muller, Leonie Villiger, Yanmichel Morfa Avalos, Jan von Arx, Freja Nordsiek, David Noone, Christophe Noisel, Almuth Neuberger, Branden Spooner, Hamish Asmath, M Katharina Stolla, Sophian Arixi, Lyndon Alves, Simon P de Szoeke, Veronika Pörtge, Samkeyat Shohan, Elizabeth Siddle, Alexander Smirnov, Florian Späth, Ludovic Touzé-Peiffer, Agostino Niyonkuru Meroni, Peter Sullivan, Melina Mehlmann, Claudia Christine Stephan, Nicola Alexander, Gregor Möller, Paquita Zuidema, Peter Minnett, Raphaela Vogel, Andreas Minikin, Jessica Vial, Theresa Mieslinger, A Pier Siebesma, Lionel Renault, Mira Pöhlker, Marc Prange, Lawrence Pologne, Ulrich Pöschl, Hauke Schulz, Jens Reimann, Sabrina Schnitt, Karim Ramage, Gregory Roberts, Jule Radtke, Gilles Reverdin, Estefanía Quiñones Meléndez, Steven Böing, Olivier Bock, Arne Bendinger, Renaud Person, Andreas Behrendt
Publication date
2021/8/25
Journal
Earth System Science Data
Description
The science guiding the EUREC4A campaign and its measurements is presented. EUREC4A comprised roughly 5 weeks of measurements in the downstream winter trades of the North Atlantic–eastward and southeastward of Barbados. Through its ability to characterize processes operating across a wide range of scales, EUREC4A marked a turning point in our ability to observationally study factors influencing clouds in the trades, how they will respond to warming, and their link to other components of the earth system, such as upper-ocean processes or the life cycle of particulate matter. This characterization was made possible by thousands (2500) of sondes distributed to measure circulations on meso-(200 km) and larger (500 km) scales, roughly 400 h of flight time by four heavily instrumented research aircraft; four global-class research vessels; an advanced ground-based cloud observatory; scores of autonomous observing platforms operating in the upper ocean (nearly 10 000 profiles), lower atmosphere (continuous profiling), and along the air–sea interface; a network of water stable isotopologue measurements; targeted tasking of satellite remote sensing; and modeling with a new generation of weather and climate models. In addition to providing an outline of the novel measurements and their composition into a unified and coordinated campaign, the six distinct scientific facets that EUREC4A explored–from North Brazil Current rings to turbulence-induced clustering of cloud droplets and its influence on warm-rain formation–are presented along with an overview of EUREC4A's outreach activities, environmental impact, and guidelines for …
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