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Forest loss and fragmentation are two of the most pressing threats to Amazonian biodiversity. This chapter examines the responses of bats, one of most species-rich Amazonian mammal groups, to anthropogenic forest fragmentation by providing an overview of the research conducted over the last decade at the Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project (BDFFP), a whole-ecosystem experiment in the Central Brazilian Amazon. Between 2011 and 2014, almost 7000 bats of over 50 species were captured using mist netting, and ca. 650,000 bat passes of 21 sonotypes were recorded using passive acoustic detectors. We briefly describe the sampling design used to survey bats in the BDFFP reserves, characterise the bat assemblages in fragments, secondary forest matrix and continuous forest and discuss the effects of forest fragmentation on the taxonomic, functional and phylogenetic dimensions of …