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Biotic and abiotic environmental factors influence the abundance and spatial distribution of species and the structuring of communities along environmental gradients. Topography, vegetation structure and food availability have been identified as factors that directly and indirectly influence habitat selection by species in tropical forests. Although the factors that determine community structure in phyllostomid bats have received substantial attention, aerial insectivorous bats have been largely neglected, and their responses to environmental gradients in continuous tropical forests remain poorly understood. In this study, we evaluated how aerial insectivorous bats respond to different environmental gradients in 25 km² of continuous preserved forest in Central Amazonia. Our hypothesis was that topography, vegetation structure and food availability influence aerial insectivorous bats. Insect biomass was shown to be the …