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DOI: 10.1002/adma. 201505299 for flexible and stretchable electronic devices, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is the most widely used elastomeric polymer owing to its unique advantages, including remarkable mechanical flexibility and stretchability, and chemical and thermal stability.[17, 18] Rogers and co-workers [3] reported stretchable LIBs by using a segmented design in the active materials and deformable electrical interconnects in self-similar geometries. However, the interconnect structures contributed to the deformation of the battery while the component of the electrode remained rigid, which results in a low utility of active materials. Another common design of stretch-tolerant structure is using a “wavy” layout by the processes of buckling, where active materials are coated on a pre-strained elastic substrate.[11–13] The concept of textile structural configuration together with the design of helically coiled spring is also studied.[15, 16] Although the stretchability is achieved, such 2D structures with low stability under stretching can only be unidirectionally stretched that limits their applications.

So far, reliable stretchable LIBs with high electrochemical performance and good mechanical properties are rarely reported. In the present work, we introduce a novel and simple method to fabricate stretchable electrodes, using highly elastic 3D porous sponge-like PDMS scaffolds. A cost-effective material of sugar is used as a template to generate the stretchable PDMS sponge with open network of pores. Morphologies and electrochemical performances of the stretchable electrodes have been investigated systematically, according to the application in …