Authors
Scott E McIntosh, Luanne Freer, Colin K Grissom, Paul S Auerbach, George W Rodway, Amalia Cochran, Gordon G Giesbrecht, Marion McDevitt, Christopher H Imray, Eric L Johnson, Prativa Pandey, Jennifer Dow, Peter H Hackett
Publication date
2019/12
Journal
Wilderness & environmental medicine
Volume
30
Issue
4_suppl
Pages
S19-S32
Publisher
SAGE Publications
Description
The Wilderness Medical Society convened an expert panel to develop a set of evidence-based guidelines for prevention and treatment of frostbite. We present a review of pertinent pathophysiology. We then discuss primary and secondary prevention measures and therapeutic management. Recommendations are made regarding each treatment and its role in management. These recommendations are graded on the basis of the quality of supporting evidence and balance between the benefits and risks or burdens for each modality according to methodology stipulated by the American College of Chest Physicians. This is an updated version of the guidelines published in 2014.
Scholar articles
SE McIntosh, L Freer, CK Grissom, PS Auerbach… - Wilderness & environmental medicine, 2019
SE McIntosh, M Opacic, L Freer, CK Grissom… - Wilderness & environmental medicine, 2014