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Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV), the most economically important virus of small grains, features highly specialised relationships with its aphid vectors, a plethora of novel translation mechanisms mediated by long–distance RNA interactions, and an ambiguous taxonomic status. The structural and movement proteins of BYDV that confer aphid transmission and phloem‐limitation properties resemble those of the Luteoviridae , the family in which BYDV is classified. In contrast, many genes and cis ‐acting signals involved in replication and gene expression most closely resemble those of the Tombusviridae .

Taxonomy: BYDV is in genus Luteovirus, family Luteoviridae. BYDV includes at least two serotypes or viruses: BYDV‐PAV and BYDV‐MAV. The former BYDV‐RPV is now Cereal yellow dwarf virus‐RPV (CYDV‐RPV). CYDV is in genus Polerovirus, family Luteoviridae. Genus …