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In recent years, fingerprint authentication systems have been extensively deployed in various applications, including attendance systems, authentications on smartphones, mobile payment authorizations, as well as various safety certifications. However, similar to the other biometric identification technologies, fingerprint recognition is vulnerable to artificial replicas made from cheap materials, such as silicon, gelatin, etc. Thus, it is especially necessary to distinguish whether a given fingerprint is a live or a spoof one prior to such authentication. In order to solve the problems above, a novel local descriptor named Weber local binary descriptor for fingerprint liveness detection (FLD) has been proposed in this paper. The method consists of two components: the local binary differential excitation component that extracts intensity-variance features and the local binary gradient orientation component that extracts orientation …