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Abstract The Campi Flegrei (Phlegraean Fields) are dominated by a Quaternary explosive calders, about 10 km in diameter. Within the caldera are numerous later eruptive vents, the last of which formed in 1538 AD Well documented local elevation changes of≈ 10 m have occurred in the caldera since Roman times. Recent inflation of the central caldera began in 1968, after over 400 years of subsidence. During this time more than 2 m of localized uplift occurred, predominantly from 1980 through 1985. Microearthquakes associated with this uplift were recorded by a portable three-component digital network deployed by the University of Wisconsin and the Vesuvius Observatory from August 1983 through May 1984. Those data have been used to obtain detailed information about the velocity structure of the caldera. A best-fit homogeneous half-space model was obtained by a systematic search for optimal residual …