Authors
BO Olusanya, S Ştefan, Y Kim, JE Alcalde-Rabanal, T Akinyemiju, A Koyanagi, AJ Cohen, AB Wondmieneh, D De Leo, H Ippolito, R Shirkoohi, E Beghi, J Khubchandani, A Ranta, T Gupta, A Sheikh, M Zhou, N Rabiee, I Halvaei, MA Ayza, DB Machado, M Brauer, ER Maddison, M Asghari Jafarabadi, MM Khater, M Shigematsu, F Alla, JS Becker, PR Valdez, C Keller, M Hasan, RK Alhassan, S Khazaei, R Gupta, RC Reiner Jr, GA Dessie, A Elsharkawy, AK Alumran, RS Bernstein, S Zaman, A Daryani, T Joo, BR Bumgarner, KM Tabb, A Desalew, T Vos, C Steiner, H Hagins, A Henok, HQ Pham, H Abbastabar, M Grivna, RJD Sorensen, AT Leever, MC Doxey, V Adekanmbi, R Xu, S Varughese, A Nikpoor, A Sokhan, AW Eagan, S Seedat, DC Ribeiro, EA May, MA Piradov, AN Vasconcelos, D Diaz, JA Mohammed, V Srinivasan, C Razo, BW Alemu, SR Bolla, TM Gorman, G Woldu, TK Gill, J Arabloo, ML Ferreira, R Westerman, A Vukovic, GL Aynalem, D Braithwaite, N Mohammadifard, F Fischer, DM Pereira, NJ Alvis-Zakzuk, EW Okunga, I Michalek, JB Soriano, A Badawi, H Bitew, R Dandona, CE Troeger, D Jahagirdar, P Zheng, S Roberts, JW Ngunjiri, H Lescinsky, M McKee, WJ Dangel, M Moradi-Lakeh, SK Patel, T Adair, ME Herbert, N Fullman, OA Uthman, SM Bakkannavar, F Topouzis, N Manafi, WL Teagle, D S Schiavolin, JL Stubbs, M Farahmand, R Holla, S Yahyazadeh Jabbari, C Fornari, A Afshin, MYW Wei, CM Barthelemy, BS Geberemariyam, G Logroscino, Z Dibaji Forooshani, JJ McGrath, M Pletcher, M Househ, DSQ Koh, CS Yilgwan, R Suliankatchi Abdulkader, E Abu-Gharbieh, L Dandona, R Sierpinski, FM Cicuttini, WM Gardner, E Cerin, HH Kyu, I Rakovac, JM Pescarini, N Mohammad Gholi Mezerji, JK Das, HC Gugnani, J Sanabria, MS Hammer, Y Khang, L Rawal, N Jahanmehr, H Comfort, HA Bojia, FH Pottoo, N Bhala, C Yu, A Tsatsakis
Publication date
2020
Publisher
Lancet Publishing Group
Description
Background
Rigorous analysis of levels and trends in exposure to leading risk factors and quantification of their effect on human health are important to identify where public health is making progress and in which cases current efforts are inadequate. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019 provides a standardised and comprehensive assessment of the magnitude of risk factor exposure, relative risk, and attributable burden of disease.
Methods
GBD 2019 estimated attributable mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years of life lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 87 risk factors and combinations of risk factors, at the global level, regionally, and for 204 countries and territories. GBD uses a hierarchical list of risk factors so that specific risk factors (eg, sodium intake), and related aggregates (eg, diet quality), are both evaluated. This method has six …
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