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During the 1980s, memory emerged as an urgent topic ot debate in manities. By now, a great deal of research has been devoted to col memory, a term developed by Maurice Halbwachs in the 1920s to collectively shared representations of the past, 1 or cultural memory, a concept coined by Jan Assmann in the 1980s that stresses the role of in tionalized canons of culture in the formation and transmission of co memories. 2 Early work in memory studies focused on the ways in memories are shared within particular communities and constitute force group identity. Very often, most notably in Pierre Nora's monum Lieux de memoire project, the nation-state has been taken as paradi of such" mnemonic communities." 3 However, with the aid of mass tural technologies, it has become increasingly possible for people to memories of events not" their own," to which they have no familial, et or national tie. In recent years …