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The Analytic Network Process (ANP) is a general theory of relative measurement used to derive composite priority ratio scales from individual ratio scales that represent relative measurements of the influence of elements that interact with respect to control criteria. Through its supermatrix whose elements are themselves matrices of column priorities, the ANP captures the outcome of dependence and feedback within and between clusters of elements. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) with its dependence assumptions on clusters and elements is a special case of the ANP. The ANP is a new and an essential phase in decision making, neglected so far because of the linear structures used in traditional approaches and their inability to deal with feedback in order to choose alternatives not simply according to attributes and criteria, but also according to their consequences both positive and negative–an essential and so far a missing consideration in decision making. This paper gives a brief look at the foundation of the ANP together with a simple example.