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Molecular markers provide the opportunity to identify marker-quantitative trait locus (QTL) associations in different environments and populations. Two soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] populations, ‘Young’ x PI 416 937 and PI 97100 x ‘Coker 237’, were evaluated with restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers to identify additional QTLs related to seed protein and oil. For the Young x PI 416937 population, 120 F₄-derived lines were secored for segregation at 155 RFLP loci. The F₄-derived lines and two parents were grown at Plains, G.a., and Windblow and Plymouth, N.C. in 1994, and evaluated for seed protein and oil. For the PI 97100 x Coker 237 population, 111 F₂-derived lines were evaluated for segregation at 153 RFLP loci. Phenotypic data for seed protein and oil were obtained in two different locations (Athens, G.a., and Blackville, S.C.) in 1994. Based on single-factor analysis of …