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A humanitarian catastrophe is escalating in northwest Syria. Since mid-December 2019, a military operation led by the Syrian government and its allies has forcibly displaced more than 350 000 civilians from the southern district of Ma’arrat al-Nu’man in Idlib governorate towards the Syrian-Turkish border. 1 The most recent forced displacement to the north of the governorate comes soon after the displacement of nearly 400 000 people between April and August 2019 into Idlib from across Syria, exacerbating overcrowding and shortages in humanitarian and healthcare provision (fig 1). 1 2