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Dominance tests are often applied to test for the rationality in the choice behavior of participants in discrete choice experiments (DCEs).

To examine how dominance tests have been implemented in recent DCE applications in health and discuss their theoretical and empirical interpretation.

Health-related DCEs published in 2015 were reviewed for the inclusion of tests on choice behavior. For studies that implemented a dominance test, information on application and interpretation of the test was extracted. Authors were contacted for test choice sets and observed proportions of subjects who chose the dominated option. Coefficients corresponding to the choice set were extracted to estimate the expected probability of choosing the dominated option with a logistic model and compared with the observed proportion. The theoretical range of expected probabilities of possible dominance …