Authors
Masoud Sharafi, Tarek Y ElMekkawy
Publication date
2015/12/1
Source
Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews
Volume
52
Pages
1668-1679
Publisher
Pergamon
Description
The stochastic attribute of renewable energy sources and the variability of energy load is a preeminent barrier to design hybrid renewable energy systems. In this paper, a new methodology is advanced to incorporate the uncertainties associated with RE resources and load in sizing an HRES in the application of buildings with low to high renewable energy ratio (RER). Dynamic multi-objective particle swarm optimization (DMOPSO) algorithm, simulation module, and sampling average technique are used to approximate a Pareto front (PF) for an HRES design through a multi-objective optimization framework. The main aim of design is to simultaneously minimize total net present cost (NPC), maximize renewable energy ratio, and minimize fuel emission while satisfy a desirable level of loss of load probability (LLP). The existing randomness in wind speed, solar irradiation, ambient temperature, and energy load is …
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