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Dredging can cause increased suspended sediment concentrations (SSCs), light attenuation and sedimentation in marine communities. In order to determine the combined effects of dredging-related pressures on adult sponges, three species spanning different nutritional modes and morphologies were exposed to 5 treatment levels representing realistic dredging scenarios. Most sponges survived under low to moderate turbidity scenarios (SSCs of <= 33 mg L-1, and a daily light integral of >= 0.5 mol photons m(-2) d(-1)) for up to 28 d. However, under the highest turbidity scenario (76 mg L-1, 0.1 mol photons m(-2) d(-1)) there was 20% and 90% mortality of the phototrophic sponges Cliona orientalis and Carteriospongia foliascens respectively, and tissue regression in the heterotrophic Ianthella basta. All three sponge species exhibited mechanisms to effectively tolerate dredgingrelated pressures in the short term …