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The present study investigated the combined effect of low doses of fenofibrate (PPAR-α agonist) and rosiglitazone (PPAR-γ agonist) in diabetes-induced experimental nephropathy. Rats were administered streptozotocin (55mg/kgi.p., once) to induce experimental diabetes mellitus. The development of diabetic nephropathy was assessed biochemically and histologically. In addition, the lipid profile and renal oxidative stress were assessed. The single administration of streptozotocin produced diabetes, which induced the renal oxidative stress, altered the lipid profile, and subsequently produced nephropathy in 8weeks by elevating serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, proteinuria, and inducing glomerular damage. Treatment with low dose fenofibrate (30mg/kg/day p.o.) normalizes the altered lipid profile in diabetic rats, whereas the low dose rosiglitazone (1mg/kg/day p.o.) treatment has no effect on lipid alteration in …