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The last reform program in the Italian public sector was realized by legislative decree 150/2009 that introduced the performance cycle, to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the public organizations. The performance and its evaluation is one of new public management (NPM) pillars [1]. Control and accountability play an invaluable role in the institutional and organizational change [2]. The Italian Army is involved in this changing process, as well as the other public organizations, by implementing a performance management system (PMS), in order “to do more with less” [3]. By now, the army is in the middle of this process, several steps have been made, but furthers and more critics are going to be done to implement an effective Decision Support System (DSS). This article aims to respond to the following question: How is the Italian Army implementing PMS and what is its impact on the organization?