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The heart rate variability (HRV) analysis has been proven to be an effective tool for the diagnosis of several diseases, such as heart failure or diabetes. To measure the HRV, various algorithms have been developed employing different programming languages. In this paper, we present a new package for R, a free software environment for statistical computing and graphics. This package, called R-HRV, offers functions for performing power spectral analysis of heart rate data. We will use this package for the study of several diseases, such as obstructive sleep apnea or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.