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Knowledge of traits inheritance is a prerequisite for any plant breeding program. Wheat cultivars ‘Pirsabak-85’, ‘Khyber-87’, ‘Saleem-2000’, ‘Pirsabak-04’, ‘Pirsabak-05’ and ‘Shahkar-13’ were crossed in 6 × 6 diallel fashion during 2010-11 at the Cereal Crops Research Institute (CCRI), Nowshera - Pakistan to explore genetic basis of early maturity, some production traits, resistance to yellow rust (Puccinia striiformis West.f.sp. tritici) and glutenin contents in wheat grains. Six wheat cultivars along with respective F1 and F2 populations were evaluated during 2011-12 and 2012-13 at the CCRI, Nowshera. Significant differences were observed among F1 and F2 populations and their parental cultivars for all traits across both years. In F1 generation, cross combinations Shahkar-13/Khyber-87 while in F2 populations Pirsabak-04/Khyber-87 and Pirsabak-05/Shahkar-13 showed earliness and had lesser days to heading …