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The forestry sector in Myanmar continues to face many challenges concerning sustainable forest management. Even though the participation of local people is a key principle of forest policy in Myanmar, there is ample opportunity for people's participation in forest conservation to be improved. This study aimed to identify what factors should be considered to promote the participation of local people in forest conservation. The primary objectives were: to investigate the perceptions of people in forest-dependent communities towards forest conservation, and: to determine which policy interventions would be most appropriate for motivating local people to participate in forest conservation. We studied several communities in the Bogo Yama Region of Myanmar as a case study, involving interviews with key informants, focus group discussions, and interviews among 330 randomly selected households using semi-structured …