Authors
Timothy Y James, Frank Kauff, Conrad L Schoch, P Brandon Matheny, Valérie Hofstetter, Cymon J Cox, Gail Celio, Cécile Gueidan, Emily Fraker, Jolanta Miadlikowska, H Thorsten Lumbsch, Alexandra Rauhut, Valérie Reeb, A Elizabeth Arnold, Anja Amtoft, Jason E Stajich, Kentaro Hosaka, Gi-Ho Sung, Desiree Johnson, Ben O’Rourke, Michael Crockett, Manfred Binder, Judd M Curtis, Jason C Slot, Zheng Wang, Andrew W Wilson, Arthur Schüßler, Joyce E Longcore, Kerry O’Donnell, Sharon Mozley-Standridge, David Porter, Peter M Letcher, Martha J Powell, John W Taylor, Merlin M White, Gareth W Griffith, David R Davies, Richard A Humber, Joseph B Morton, Junta Sugiyama, Amy Y Rossman, Jack D Rogers, Don H Pfister, David Hewitt, Karen Hansen, Sarah Hambleton, Robert A Shoemaker, Jan Kohlmeyer, Brigitte Volkmann-Kohlmeyer, Robert A Spotts, Maryna Serdani, Pedro W Crous, Karen W Hughes, Kenji Matsuura, Ewald Langer, Gitta Langer, Wendy A Untereiner, Robert Lücking, Burkhard Büdel, David M Geiser, André Aptroot, Paul Diederich, Imke Schmitt, Matthias Schultz, Rebecca Yahr, David S Hibbett, François Lutzoni, David J McLaughlin, Joseph W Spatafora, Rytas Vilgalys
Publication date
2006/10/19
Journal
Nature
Volume
443
Issue
7113
Pages
818-822
Publisher
Nature Publishing Group UK
Description
The ancestors of fungi are believed to be simple aquatic forms with flagellated spores, similar to members of the extant phylum Chytridiomycota (chytrids). Current classifications assume that chytrids form an early-diverging clade within the kingdom Fungi and imply a single loss of the spore flagellum, leading to the diversification of terrestrial fungi. Here we develop phylogenetic hypotheses for Fungi using data from six gene regions and nearly 200 species. Our results indicate that there may have been at least four independent losses of the flagellum in the kingdom Fungi. These losses of swimming spores coincided with the evolution of new mechanisms of spore dispersal, such as aerial dispersal in mycelial groups and polar tube eversion in the microsporidia (unicellular forms that lack mitochondria). The enigmatic microsporidia seem to be derived from an endoparasitic chytrid ancestor similar to Rozella allomycis …
Total citations
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