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The present study evaluated the regeneration of woody species in four abandoned areas with different land-history tenure (extensive production of livestock, intensive production of livestock, agriculture, and clearcutting) in the Tamaulipan thornscrub in northeastern Mexico. These areas regenerated naturally over a period of 21 years (1984–2005). These areas regenerated naturally over a period of 21 years (1984–2005). Four 250-m2 plots, each 10 × 25 m, were established in each area for sampling. At each plot, abundance, dominance, mean height of the tallest individuals, species richness, and diversity of the woody species were evaluated. To detect significant differences among the four areas, an analysis of variance (P < 0.05) was used to compare averages of the variables height, abundance, dominance, species richness, and diversity. The analysis of variance showed significant differences for all variables …