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In several regions, forest and land rehabilitation programs were fail to sustain due to the lack of people participation in planting and maintaining trees, especially in public land. In fact, in West Sumatera, where green forest covering part of the earth, land as personal property is scarcely found. Therefore, it is considered important to analyze the effectiveness of reforestation program from the aspect of land tenure rights. This writing describe land tenure concept as applied on the regulation of ulayat—land under management of traditional custom. At the end, research concludes that the management of ulayat is remained unclear. Communal interest overlapping personal interests is worsening the matters. An incentive system which is fairly addresed both interest must be arranged immediately to solve the problems.