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Until now there has been little evidence that graduate programs in clinical psychology make any difference to practitioners' abilities. The authors present a quasi-experimental study designed to evaluate the effectiveness of postgraduate education in clinical psychology. Clinical psychology students from Australian universities were compared with psychology graduates who had elected to practice under Australian provisional registration rules (ie, without a postgraduate education). Results showed that after 1 extra year of education, postgraduate trainees performed better than those with no postgraduate training, but only to a modest degree. The authors explore the implications of these results for trainers, trainees, and professional organizations.(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)