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This paper examines Mäori research practices in the context of a current project exploring the health of Mäori men. Drawing on experiences of the researchers in undertaking the study to date, we outline some of the major issues that have arisen and examine the application of tikanga Mäori in a research context. The discussion illustrates how traditional Mäori concepts, values and practice–such as mana, tapu, he kanohi i kitea, whakawhanaungatanga, manaakitanga, koha and aroha ki te tangata–can safeguard the research process, the knowledge that is produced, as well as the researchers, participants and communities. In so doing, we highlight points of difference that make Mäori research processes unique, and seek to open discussion around the notion of a distinct theoretical basis for health research with Mäori men.