Authors
Goodarz Danaei, Yuan Lu, Gitanjali M Singh, Emily Carnahan, Gretchen A Stevens, Melanie J Cowan, Farshad Farzadfar, John K Lin, Mariel M Finucane, Mayuree Rao, Young-Ho Khang, Leanne M Riley, Dariush Mozaff, Stephen S Lim, Majid Ezzati, Geir Aamodt, Ziad Abdeen, Nabila A Abdella, Hanan F Abdul Rahim, Juliet Addo, Wichai Aekplakorn, Mustafa M Afifi, Enrico Agabiti-Rosei, Carlos A Aguilar Salinas, Charles Agyemang, Mohammed K Ali, Mohamed M Ali, Mohannad Al-Nsour, Abdul R Al-Nuaim, Ramachandran Ambady, Emanuele Di Angelantonio, Pertti Aro, Fereidoun Azizi, Bontha V Babu, Adil N Bahalim, Carlo M Barbagallo, Marco A Barbieri, Alberto Barcelo, Sandhi M Barreto, Henrique Barros, Leonelo E Bautista, Athanase Benetos, Peter Bjerregaard, Cecilia Bjoerkelund, Simona Bo, Martin Bobak, Enzo Bonora, Manuel A Botana, Pascal Bovet, Juergen Breckenkamp, Monique M Breteler, Grazyna Broda, Ian J Brown, Michael Bursztyn, Antonio Cabrera de LEON, Hannia Campos, Francesco P Cappuccio, Vincenzo Capuano, Edoardo Casiglia, Maurizio Castellano, Katia Castetbon, Luis Cea, Chih-Jen Chang, Noureddine Chaouki, Somnath Chatterji, Chien-Jen Chen, Zhengming Chen, Jin-Su Choi, Lily Chua, Renata Cifkova, Linda J Cobiac, Richard S Cooper, Anna Maria Corsi, Michael C Costanza, Cora L Craig, Rachel S Dankner, Saeed Dastgiri, Elias Delgado, Gonul Dinc, Guang-Hui Dong, Eleonora Dorsi, Nico Dragano, Adam Drewnowski, Robert Eggertsen, Paul Elliott, Anders Engeland, Cihangir Erem, Alireza Esteghamati, Caroline HD Fall, Jian-Gao Fan, Catterina Ferreccio, Leopold Fezeu, Joselia O Firmo, Hermes J Florez, Nelida S Fornes, F Gerry R Fowkes, Guido Franceschini, Fredrik Frisk, Flavio D Fuchs, Eva L Fuller, Linn Getz, Simona Giampaoli, Luis F Gomez, Juan M Gomez-Zumaquero, Sidsel Graff-Iversen, Janet F Grant, Ramiro Guerrero Carvajal, Martin C Gulliford, Rajeev Gupta, Prakash C Gupta, Oye Gureje, Hialy R Gutierrez, Tine W Hansen, Jun Hata, Jiang He, Noor Heim, Joachim Heinrich, Tomas Hemmingsson, Anselm Hennis, William H Herman, Victor M Herrera, Suzanne Ho, Michelle Holdsworth, Gunilla Hollman Frisman, Wilma M Hopman, Akhtar Hussain, Abdullatif Husseini, M Mohsen Ibrahim, Nayu Ikeda, Bjarne K Jacobsen, Hashem Y Jaddou, Tazeen H Jafar, Mohsen Janghorbani, Grazyna Jasienska, Michel R Joffres, Jost B Jonas, Othman A Kadiki, Ofra Kalter-Leibovici, Raoul M Kamadjeu, Stephen Kaptoge, Ioannis Karalis, Mika J Kastarinen, Joanne Katz, Lital Keinan-Boker, Paul Kelly, Omid Khalilzadeh, Stefan Kiechl, Ki Woong Kim, Yutaka Kiyohara, Junji Kobayashi
Publication date
2014
Journal
Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology
Publisher
HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION
Description
Background High blood pressure, blood glucose, serum cholesterol, and BMI are risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and some of these factors also increase the risk of chronic kidney disease and diabetes. We estimated mortality from cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney disease, and diabetes that was attributable to these four cardiometabolic risk factors for all countries and regions from 1980 to 2010. Methods We used data for exposure to risk factors by country, age group, and sex from pooled analyses of population-based health surveys. We obtained relative risks for the effects of risk factors on cause-specific mortality from meta-analyses of large prospective studies. We calculated the population attributable fractions for- each risk factor alone, and for the combination of all risk factors, accounting for multicausality and for mediation of the effects of BMI by the other three risks. We calculated attributable deaths by multiplying the cause-specific population attributable fractions by the number of disease-specific deaths. We obtained cause-specific mortality from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors 2010 Study. We propagated the uncertainties of all the inputs to the final estimates. Findings In 2010, high blood pressure was the leading risk factor for deaths due to cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney disease, and diabetes in every region, causing more than 40% of worldwide deaths from these diseases; high BMI and glucose were each responsible for about 15% of deaths, and high cholesterol for more than 10%. After accounting for multicausality, 63% (10.8 million deaths, 95% CI 10.1-11.5) of deaths from these …
Scholar articles
G Danaei, Y Lu, GM Singh, E Carnahan, GA Stevens… - Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, 2014