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Deep cryogenic treatment (DCT) is a one time permanent process, carried out on steel components in such a way that the material is slowly cooled down to the cryogenic temperature, after which it is held at that temperature for a specified period of time and is heated back to room temperature at a slow rate followed by low temperature tempering. The main advantage of DCT is to enhance the wear resistance. The various levels of DCT process parameters have their own influence upon the wear resistance of the material. In this study, the Taguchi method has been used to optimize the process parameters of DCT for a commercial piston ring, made up of 18% Cr martensitic stainless steel (SR34) to obtain maximum wear resistance. The DCT parameters considered for optimization are: the cooling rate, the soaking temperature, the soaking time, the tempering temperature and the tempering time. In this regard, two …