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We have characterized a novel mouse gene (D17Si11) on chromosome 17 that expresses a major transcript observed uniquely in the testes. TheD17Si11 locus has been mapped to the central region of chromosome 17 betweenH-2 andC3. Sequence analysis demonstrates several unusual features of this locus and its transcript: first is the presence of complementary sets of alternating purine and pyrmidine residues within the 3′ region of the transcript that could form double-stranded, hairpin-like secondary structures with properties similar to that of Z-DNA; second is the existence of a hypothetical, long open reading frame in the nucleotide strand that is complementary to the testes transcripts. This complementary strand open reading frame is three times the size of the longest potential open reading frame present in the transcript itself. Although a function forD17Si11 has yet to be determined, the gene is …