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Plastic is exceedingly abundant in soils, but little is known about its ecological consequences for soil microbiome functioning. Here we report the impacts of polyethylene and biodegradable Ecovio and BI-OPL plastic films buried in alpine soils for 5 months on the genetic potential of the soil microbiome using shotgun metagenomics. The microbiome was more affected by Ecovio and BI-OPL than by polyethylene. Fungi, α- and β-Proteobacteria dominated on the biodegradable films. Ecovio and BI-OPL showed signs of degradation after the incubation, whereas polyethylene did not. Genes involved in cellular processes and signaling (intracellular trafficking, secretion, vesicular transport), as well as metabolism (carbohydrate, lipid and secondary metabolism), were enriched in the plastisphere. Several α/β-hydrolase gene families (cutinase_like, polyesterase-lipase-cutinase, carboxylesterase), which encode enzymes …