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188 Fiona Marshall et al. system change evolves (see Chapter 3). In transdisciplinary action research, engaging with and influencing framings and narratives with a diversity of actors associated with a specific problem domain can be fundamental to the theory and practice of contributions to transformative change. Framing and reframing of problem domains and solution strategies played diverse but central roles in the transformative initiatives described in this volume. Framing/reframing in these initiatives was both an element we observed as part of the socio-technical-environmental processes we engaged in, and a tool we mobilised with our partners as part of processes of transformation. In this chapter, we introduce framing as a central concept to our work in transformation, and illustrate how it was manifest in the diversity of projects we were engaged in.