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Solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) shows potential in exploring plant responses to environmental changes caused by extreme climatic factors. However, how to accurately assess climate stresses (especially the low-temperature stress) suffered on crops at the regional scale in a systematic approach has not been extensively explored. In this study, we developed a climate vegetation stress index (CVSI) to assess and quantify the impacts of climate stress on crops at large scales by combining TROPOspheric Monitoring Instrument (TROPOMI) SIF and land surface temperature (LST) data through an easy-to-operate approach. This index was employed to identify low-temperature stress conditions in Henan Province’s winter wheat in 2018. Results indicate that, influenced by climate characteristics, crops in the northern part of Henan Province experienced more severe low-temperature stress than those in the …