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This chapter considers the implications of artificial intelligence for economic growth. Artificial intelligence (AI) can be defined as “the capability of a machine to imitate intelligent human behavior” or “an agent’s ability to achieve goals in a wide range of environments.” 1 These definitions immediately evoke fundamental economic issues. For example, what happens if AI allows an ever-increasing number of tasks previously performed by human labor to become automated? Artificial intelligence may be deployed in the ordinary production of goods and services, potentially impacting economic growth and income shares. But AI may also change the process by which we create new ideas and technologies, helping to solve complex problems and scaling creative effort. In extreme versions, some observers have argued that AI can become rapidly self-improving, leading to “singularities” that feature unbounded machine …