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Based on molecular data and a morphological evaluation, evidence is provided that the species of eleven, mostly small-sized and monotypic genera of Chinese Gesneriaceae (Ancylostemon, Bournea, Briggsia s. str., Dayaoshania, Deinocheilos, Isometrum, Opithandra, Oreocharis, Paraisometrum, Thamnocharis, Tremacron) form a highly-supported group in which the species interrelationships run across traditional generic boundaries. The data confirm previous doubts on the naturalness of some of these genera and, after a detailed discussion of the particular genera, the conclusion is reached that the whole group is best regarded as a single genus, Oreocharis, which is thus expanded to comprise over 80 species. A list of the species is given and the necessary transfers are made. The new delimitation provides a framework for studying the species relationships and working out an infrageneric classification …