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ZnO-incorporated HZSM-5 zeolites (ZnO/HZSM-5) were prepared through five different methods including Wet Impregnation (WI), Ion Exchange (IE), Solid-State (SS), Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD), and Hydrothermal Synthesis (HS) and the influence of preparation method on the performance of ZnO/HZSM-5 catalysts in direct hydrogenation of CO₂ to aromatics was evaluated. The addition of ZnO through IE, CVD, WI and SS methods led to decrease in the surface area and micropore volume to different extents, whereas introducing ZnO to the synthesis gel indicated slight increase in both surface area and pore volume. Experiments proved that high amount of Bronsted asidity is the main factor in enhancing CO₂ conversion and aromatics synthesis. the introduction of ZnO overally decreased the weak acid sites, while the amount of strong acid sites increased. Moreover, some new medium acid sites were …