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Background

Blinatumomab is a targeted immunotherapy for B-ALL. Widespread adoption of this evidence-based intervention in varied resource settings has been limited due to cost, commercial access, and barriers including institutional capacity and medication complexity. We used implementation science frameworks to facilitate and study the translation of blinatumomab into hospitals in lower-resource settings in partnership with a drug-donation program. After 2 years of collaboration, we applied the RE-AIM (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance) Framework to assess implementation processes and effectiveness outcomes in 2 pilot centers.

Methods

As a component of a larger hybrid effectiveness-implementation type 2 study, we applied RE-AIM methodology retrospectively to examine data for one hospital in India and one in Pakistan. Quantitative and qualitative data were abstracted from …