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This chapter focuses on increasing the adaptive capacity of agricultural systems in tropical and subtropical regions through agroforestry. Agroforestry as a concept resists and tries to counteract the way agriculture has been segregated from forests and forestry. The chapter reviews the hypothesis that the presence of trees increases the degree of buffering of climate variability from the perspective of an annual food crop, and that retention and the increase of trees in agricultural landscapes can be a relevant art of climate change adaptation strategies.