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Over 20 species of amphibians are being harvested in Asia with local consumption exceeding the volume of international export in some countries. Over-harvesting is a particular concern for large-bodied species as their life history traits often make them prone to population depletion. Quasipaa spinosa is a large, stream-dwelling frog that is considered a delicacy in China. The demand for its meat is high, with domestic trade amounting to USD 32 m in one province alone in one year. Although it is known that populations of Q. spinosa have been heavily depleted, no information on the demography of wild populations has been available to assess declines and vulnerability to ongoing exploitation. We studied Q. spinosa in Hong Kong, China, where populations are protected from hunting and habitat is largely unaltered. Results from a population viability analysis suggest that these populations are highly vulnerable to …